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The difference is how much alignment and guidance each end‑form provides during different operations.

• CH (chamfered end) improves basic nut lead‑in and self‑seating without increasing the stud length.
• PF (pilot point, flat) provides an extended straight pilot that captures a nut earlier and more reliably during manual assembly.
• PC (pilot point with truncated cone) adds a tapered pilot that actively guides nuts into alignment, or stud-ends into other components, ideal for automation or tight tolerances.

All three are defined by ISO 4753 and are compatible with bigHead M1/SM1 studs.